D01: Duolun steppe
General site details
| Site name | Duolun steppe |
|---|---|
| AsiaFlux site code | D01 |
| Location | Duolun, Inner Mongolia, China |
| Position | 116º 17' 01'' E, 42º 02' 48'' N |
| Elevation | 1350 m above sea level |
| Slope | - |
| Terrain type | Flat |
| Area | About 50 ha |
| Fetch | 200-400 m |
| Climate | Temperate continental climate |
| Mean annual air temperature | 3.3 deg C (1994-2004) |
| Mean annual precipitation | 399 mm (1994-2004) |
| Vegetation type | Typical Stipa krylovii steppe |
| Dominant Species (Overstory) | Stipa krylovii, Agropyron cristatum, Artemisia frigida |
| Dominant Species (Understory) | - |
| Canopy height | 0.5 -0.8 m |
| Age | N/A |
| LAI | 0.47 (2006) |
| Soil type | Chestnut soil |
Observation
Eddy Covariance method (CO2)
| System | Open-path system |
|---|---|
| Wind speed | Three dimensional sonic anemometer (CSAT3, Campbell scientific) |
| Air temperature | Three dimensional sonic anemometer (CSAT3, Campbell scientific) |
| Water vapor | Open-path analyzer (LI-7500, LI-COR, USA) |
| CO2 | Open-path analyzer (LI-7500, LI-COR, USA) |
| Measurement height | 3.5 m |
| Sampling frequency | 10 Hz |
| Averaging time | 30 min |
| Data logger | CR5000 (Campbell, USA) |
| Data storage | CF |
| Original data | Raw data |
Meteorology
| Observation items | Levels/Depth | Instrument |
|---|---|---|
| Global solar radiation(incoming) | 4 m | CNR1 (Kipp & Zonen, The Netherlands) |
| Global solar radiation (outgoing) | 4 m | CNR1 (Kipp & Zonen, The Netherlands) |
| Long-wave radiation(incoming) | 4 m | CNR1 (Kipp & Zonen, The Netherlands) |
| Long-wave radiation(outgoing | 4 m | CNR1 (Kipp & Zonen, The Netherlands) |
| Net radiation | 4 m | CNR1 (Kipp & Zonen, The Netherlands) |
| PPFD (incoming) | 4 m | Li190SB,Li-Cor Inc., Lincoln, NE, USA |
| Air temperature | 1, 2, 4 m | HMP45C, VAISALA, Finland |
| Humidity | 1, 2, 4 m | HMP45C, VAISALA, Finland |
| Soil temperature | 5, 10, 20 cm | Model 107, Campbell Scientific Inc., Logan, UT, USA |
| Soil heat flux | 2 cm | HFT-3, Campbell Scientific Inc., Logan, UT, USA |
| Soil water content | 0 -10 cm | CS616, Campbell Scientific Inc., Logan, UT, USA |
| Wind speed | 3.5 m | CSAT-3, Campbell Scientific Inc., Logan, UT, USA |
| Wind direction | 3.5 m | CSAT-3, Campbell Scientific Inc., Logan, UT, USA |
| Barometric pressure | - | |
| Precipitation | 4 m | TE525, Texas Electronics, Texas, USA |
| CO2 concentration | 3.5 m | TE525, Texas Electronics, Texas, USA |
Other
| Soil respiration | Li 6400 (LI-COR, USA) |
| Photosynthesis | Li 6400 (LI-COR, USA) |
| Ecological investigation | Li 3000 (LI-COR, USA) |
Observation Period and Data Availability
| Measurement Period | From May 2005 to present |
|---|---|
| Measurement Frequency | Continuous |
| Data Availability | N/A |
Contact
Shiping Chen (spche [at] nibcas.ac.cn) Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, P. R. ChinaTel: +86-10- 62836279; Fax: +86-10-62599059
[Soil respiration and vegetation survey] Ping Zhang (zp [at] ibcas.ac.cn) Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, P. R. China
Infrastructure
Tower, Electrical power (AC), Accommodation
Research Fund
The equipments of tower were funded by Institute of Botany, CAS; The maintenance of tower was partly supported by "100 Talents" project of CAS to Dr. Guanghui Lin and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Grant (NEWS 2004 NRA: NN-H-04-Z-YS-005-N) of the Land-Cover / Land-Use Program
Calibration Information
Open-path analyzers were calibrated twice per year with standard CO2 gases and a dew point generator (LI610, LI-COR).
Publication
Zhang WL., Chen SP, Chen J, Wei L, Han XG, Lin GH. 2007. Biophysical regulations of carbon fluxes of a steppe and a cultivated cropland in semiarid Inner Mongolia. Agric. For. Meteorol