SMK: KoFlux Seolmacheon site (SMK)
General site details
| Site name | KoFlux Seolmacheon site (SMK) |
|---|---|
| AsiaFlux site code | SMK |
| Location | Paju, Republic of Korea |
| Position | 37º 56' 19.99" N, 126º 57' 16.94" E |
| Elevation | 293 m a.s.l |
| Slope | - |
| Terrain type | Complex terrain |
| Area | Mountainous area |
| Fetch | 1000 m x 1000 m |
| Climate | Temperate(snow - winter dry - hot summer(Dwa)) |
| Mean annual air temperature | - |
| Mean annual precipitation | - |
| Vegetation type | Mixed forest |
| Dominant Species (Overstory) | Q. variaabilis, Q. mongolica, Q. serrata, P. koraiensis |
| Dominant Species (Understory) | - |
| Canopy height | 15 m |
| Age | 20-40 years (2011) |
| LAI | - |
| Soil type | - |
Observation
Eddy Covariance method (CO2)
| System | Open-path system (CO2 flux, latent heat flux) |
|---|---|
| Wind speed | 3D sonic anemometer(CSAT3, Campbell Sci., Inc., USA) |
| Air temperature | 3D sonic anemometer(CSAT3, Campbell Sci., Inc., USA) |
| Water vapor | Open path(LI-7500, Li-Cor, USA) |
| CO2 | Open path(LI-7500, Li-Cor, USA) |
| Measurement height | 19.2 m |
| Sampling frequency | 10 Hz |
| Averaging time | 30 min |
| Data logger | CR3000 (Campbell, USA) |
| Data storage | HD |
| Original data | Statistics (Raw data is also available) |
Meteorology
| Observation items | Levels/Depth | Instrument |
|---|---|---|
| Global solar radiation(incoming) | 19.2 m | Net radiometer (CNR1, Kipp & Zonen, Netherlands) |
| Global solar radiation (outgoing) | 19.2 m | Net radiometer (CNR1, Kipp & Zonen, Netherlands) |
| Long-wave radiation(incoming) | 19.2 m | Net radiometer (CNR1, Kipp & Zonen, Netherlands) |
| Long-wave radiation(outgoing) | 19.2 m | Net radiometer (CNR1, Kipp & Zonen, Netherlands) |
| Net radiation | 19.2 m | Net radiometer (CNR1, Kipp & Zonen, Netherlands) |
| PPFD (incoming) | - | |
| PPFD (outgoing) | - | |
| Direct / diffuse radiation | - | |
| Direct / diffuse PPFD | - | |
| Air temperature | 19.2 m 19.2, 15.2 m 19.2, 2 m |
Thermocouple temperature sensor 3D sonic anemometer(CSAT3, Campbell Sci., Inc., USA) 3D sonic anemometer(81000, RM.Young, USA) AWS (WXT-510, Vaisala, Finland) |
| Humidity | 19.2 m 1 9.2, 2 m |
Open path(LI-7500, Li-Cor, USA) AWS (WXT-510, Vaisala, Finland) |
| Soil temperature | 0 ~ 0.05 m, 0.05 ~ 0.1 m, 0.1 ~ 0.2 m | Soil thermocouple probe (TCAV, Campbell Sci., Inc., USA) |
| Soil heat flux | ~ 0.01 m | Heat Flux plate (HFP01SC, Campbell Sci., Inc., USA) |
| Soil water content | 0 ~ 0.1 m | Water content reflectometer (CS-616, Campbell Sci. Inc., USA) |
| Wind speed | 19.2 m 19.2, 15.2 m 19.2, 2 m |
Thermocouple temperature sensor 3D sonic anemometer(CSAT3, Campbell Sci., Inc., USA) 3D sonic anemometer(81000, RM.Young, USA) AWS (WXT-510, Vaisala, Finland) |
| Wind direction | 19.2 m 19.2, 15.2 m 19.2, 2 m |
Thermocouple temperature sensor 3D sonic anemometer(CSAT3, Campbell Sci., Inc., USA) 3D sonic anemometer(81000, RM.Young, USA) AWS (WXT-510, Vaisala, Finland) |
| Barometric pressure | 19.2 m 1 9.2, 2 m |
Open path(LI-7500, Li-Cor, USA) AWS (WXT-510, Vaisala, Finland) |
| Precipitation | 19.2, 2 m | AWS (WXT-510, Vaisala, Finland) |
| CO2 concentration | 19.2 m | Open path(LI-7500, Li-Cor, USA) |
| H2O concentration | - |
Other
| Soil respiration | - |
| Photosynthesis | - |
| Ecological investigation | LAI |
Observation Period and Data Availability
| Measurement Period | From August 2007 to present |
|---|---|
| Measurement Frequency | Continuous |
| Data Availability | 2008 in AsiaFlux Database |
Contact
Minseok Kang (ms-kang [at] yonsei.ac.kr)
National Center for Agro-Meteorology, Seoul National UniversityBld.36/Rm.109, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
Phone : +82-2-871-0236 Fax : +82-2-871-0230
Joon Kim (joon [at] snu.ac.kr)
Department of Landscape Architecture & Rural Systems Engineering, Seoul National UniversityComplex Systems Science Laboratory, Bld.36/Rm.108, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
Phone : +82-2-880-4663 Fax : +82-2-365-5163
Jung-Hoon Lee (ljh0817 [at] kict.re.kr) Hydrological Survey Center, 301 KINTEX Zone, Daehwa-Dong, Ilsanseo-Gu,Goyang-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 411-806, Korea
Calibration Information
Open-path analyzers were calibrated approximately every 6 months with standard CO2 gases and a dew point generator
(LI610, Li-Cor, USA)
Publication
Kwon, H., J.-H. Lee, et al. (2009). "Seasonal Variations of Evapotranspiration Observed in a Mixed forest in the Seolmacheon Catchment." Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 11: 39-47.