KWG: Kawagoe forest meteorology research site
General site details
| Site name | Kawagoe forest meteorology research site |
|---|---|
| AsiaFlux site code | KWG |
| Location | Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan |
| Position | 35º 52' 9.5" N, 139º 29' 25" E |
| Elevation | 26 m |
| Slope | 0 degree |
| Terrain type | flat |
| Area | 40 ha |
| Fetch | 50-500 m |
| Climate | Warm temperate (Cfa) |
| Mean annual air temperature | 15 degreeC |
| Mean annual precipitation | 1300 mm |
| Vegetation type | deciduous broadleaved forest |
| Dominant Species (Overstory) | Konara oak (Quercus serrata Thunb.), Horn beam (Carpinus laxiflora Blume), Cherry tree(Purunus Jamasakura Sieb.) |
| Dominant Species (Understory) | - |
| Canopy height | 15 m |
| Age | Approx. 70 years |
| LAI | - |
| Soil type | Andosols (Kanto loam) |
Observation
Eddy Covariance method (CO2)
| System | closed-path system ( CO2 flux) |
|---|---|
| Wind speed | Three-dimensional sonic anemometer-thermometer (DAT300, KAIJO, Japan) |
| Air temperature | Three-dimensional sonic anemometer-thermometer (DAT300, KAIJO, Japan ), Platinum resistance thermometer (HMP35D, VAISALA, Finland) |
| Water vapor | Capacitance hygrometer (HMP45D, Vaisala) |
| CO2 | closed-path (LI-6262, LI-COR, USA) |
| Measurement height | 20 m |
| Sampling frequency | 5 Hz |
| Averaging time | 30 min |
| Data logger | DRM3b, TEAC, Japan |
| Data storage | MO |
| Original data | Raw data |
Meteorology
| Observation items | Levels/Depth | Instrument |
|---|---|---|
| Global solar radiation(incoming) | 25 m | Pyranometer (MR22, EKO,, Japan etc.) |
| Global solar radiation (outgoing) | 25 m | Pyranometer (MR22, EKO,, Japan etc.) |
| Long-wave radiation(outgoing) | 25 m | Infrared radiometer (PIR, Eppley, USA) |
| Long-wave radiation(outgoing) | 25 m | Infrared radiometer (PIR, Eppley, USA) |
| Net radiation | 25 m | Net radiometer (MF-11, EKO, Japan) |
| PPFD (incoming) | 25, 2 m | Quantum sensor (ML-020P, EKO, Japan) |
| Direct / diffuse radiation | - | |
| Direct / diffuse PPFD | - | |
| Air temperature | 25.5, 21, 17.8, 16, 14, 12, 9, 5, 2.5 m | Platinum resistance thermometer (HMP35D, VAISALA, Finland) |
| Humidity | 25.5, 21, 17.8, 16, 14, 12, 9, 5, 2.5 m | Capacitive hygrometer (HMP35D, VAISALA, Finland) Psychrometer (MH-020L, EKO, Japan) |
| Soil temperature | 0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 m | Platinum resistance thermometer |
| Soil heat flux | 0.02 m | Heat flux plate (MF-81,EKO,Japan) |
| Soil water content | 0.05, 0.2, 0.5, 1 m | TDR soil moisture sensor (TRIME, IMKO, Germany) |
| Wind speed | 25.9, 21, 18, 16 m | 3-cups anemometer (WM-30P, Ikeda, Japan) |
| Wind direction | 25 m | Vane (WD-16, Ikeda, Japan) |
| Barometric pressure | 2.0 m | Capacitance barometer (PTB-100A, Vaisala, Finland)) |
| Precipitation | 0.5 m | Rain gage of 0.5mm/pulse (RT-5, Ikeda, Japan) |
| CO2 concentration | 16, 12, 8, 4 m | Closed-path CO2/H2O analyzer (LI-6262, LI-COR, USA) |
Other
| Soil respiration | Continuous |
| Photosynthesis | Occasionally |
| Ecological investigation | Tree heights, stand density, diameter |
Observation Period and Data Availability
| Measurement Period | 1996 - 2002 |
|---|---|
| Measurement Frequency | continuous |
| Data Availability | N/A |
Contact
Yukio Yasuda (yassan [at] ffpri.affrc.go.jp) Tohoku research center Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 92-25 Nabeyashiki, Shimokuriyagawa, Morioka, lwate 020-0123, Japan Tel: +81-19-641-2150 Fax: +81-19-641-6747
Tsutomu Watanabe (t-watalowtem.hokudai.ac.jp) Institue of Low temperature Science,Hokkaido UniversityKita-19, Nishi-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan Tel:+81-11-706-5488 Fax:+81-11-706-5488
[Soil respiration] Yasuko Mizoguchi (pop128ffpri.affrc.go.jp) Department of meteorological EnvironmentForestry and Forest Products Research Institute1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan Tel:+81-298-873-3211 Fax:+81-298-874-3720
Infrastructure
Tower, Electrical power (100V AC 50Hz), telephone
Research Fund
Research grant #199903 (1999-2002) of the Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute
Calibration Information
CO2 analyzers were calibrated against CO2 standard gases twice a day.
Publication
Y. Yasuda, T. Watanabe, Y. Ohtani, Y. Mizoguchi, M. Mano (2005) Quality control of flux data measured above a deciduous forest. Journal of Agricultural Meteorology, 60(5), 777-780. Y. Yasuda, T. Watanabe, Y. Ohtani, Y. Mizoguchi (2005) A problem of eddy covariance-based evaluations of ecosystem respiration rate - Friction velocity correction in Intermittently turbulent conditions -. Journal of Agricultural Meteorology, 61(3), 177-187. Y. Mizoguchi, Y.Ohtani, T. Watanabe (2005) Influence on soil temperature and soil moisture on forest floor CO2 efflux - Clarification of the effect of soil moisture using field data -. Journal of Agricultural Meteorology, 60(5), 761-764. Y. Mizoguchi, Y. Ohtani, T. Watanabe, Y. Yasuda, M. Okano (2003) Long-term continuous measurement of CO2 efflux from a forest floor using dynamic closed chambers with automatic opening/closing capability, Japanese Journal of Ecology, 53(1), 1-12. (in Japanese with English abstract) Y. Yasuda, T. Watanabe (2001) Comparative measurements of CO2 flux over a forest using closed-path and open-path CO2 analyzers. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 100, 191-208. T. Watanabe, K. Yamanoi, Y. Yasuda (2000) Testing of the bandpass eddy covariance method for a long-term measurement of water vapor flux over a forest, Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 96, 473-491. Y. Yasuda, T. Watanabe, Y. Ohtani, M. Okano, K. Nakayama (1998) Seasonal variation of CO2 flux over a broadleaf deciduous forest. Journal of Japan Society Hydrological and Water Resources, 11(6), 575-585. in Japanese with English abstract) Y. Yasuda, T. Watanabe, K. Yamanoi, Y. Ohtani, M. Tani, K. Nakayama (1997) Measurement of scalar flux from a forest using the bandpass covariance method. Journal of Agricultural Meteorology, 52, 493-496