HEF: Hitsujigaoka Experimental Forest
General site details
| Site name | Hitsujigaoka Experimental Forest |
|---|---|
| AsiaFlux site code | HEF |
| Location | Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan |
| Position | 42.989997 degree N, 141.387475 degree E (World Geodetic System 1984, GPS: Garmin eTrex Legend and map) |
| Elevation | 165 m above sea level (World Geodetic System 1984, GPS: Garmin eTrex Legend and map) |
| Slope | 0 - 5 degree sloping down to north |
| Terrain type | Gentle slope |
| Area | 46,000 m2 |
| Fetch | 150 to 3000 m |
| Climate | Cool temperate (Snow-fully humid-warm summer [Dfb]) |
| Mean annual air temperature | 7.2 degreeC |
| Mean annual precipitation | 933 mm |
| Vegetation type | Young evergreen conifer plantation |
| Dominant Species (Overstory) | Picea jezoensis Carr., Picea glehnii Masters, Abies sachalinensis Masters. |
| Dominant Species (Understory) | None |
| Canopy height | 6.5 m |
| Age | 23 years |
| LAI | 6 |
| Soil type | Forest Bd type ? |
Observation
Eddy Covariance method (CO2)
| System | band-pass eddy covariance system (latent heat flux, continuous) and an eddy covariance using an Open- path IRGA (latent heat and CO2 flux, irregular and discontinuous ) |
|---|---|
| Wind speed | Three-dimensional sonic anemometer-thermometer (DA600-3T, KAIJO, Japan) |
| Air temperature | Three-dimensional sonic anemometer-thermometer (DA600-3T Probe TR-61C, KAIJO, Japan) |
| Water vapor | Bandpass eddy covariance (HMP35A, VAISALA, Finland) Open-path (E-009A, Advanet, Japan) |
| CO2 | Open-path (E-009A, Advanet, Japan) |
| Measurement height | 8.51 m |
| Sampling frequency | 10 Hz |
| Averaging time | 1200 seconds in a half hour |
| Data logger | DRM2a, TEAC, Japan |
| Data storage | MO |
| Original data | Raw data |
Meteorology
| Observation items | Levels/Depth | Instrument |
|---|---|---|
| Global solar radiation(incoming) | 12 m | Pyranometer (MF-43F, MS-42, EKO, Japan) |
| Global solar radiation (outgoing) | 12 m | Pyranometer (MS-42, EKO, Japan) |
| Long-wave radiation(incoming) | 20 m | Infrared radiometer with fan (PIR, Eppley, USA) on the top of the building |
| Long-wave radiation(outgoing) | 12 m | Net radiometer ( CN-11, EKO, Japan) |
| Net radiation | 12 m | Net radiometer ( CN-11, EKO, Japan) |
| PPFD (incoming) | - | |
| PPFD (outgoing) | - | |
| Direct / diffuse radiation | - | |
| Direct / diffuse PPFD | - | |
| Air temperature | 9.2, 1.7 m | Platinum resistance thermometer (HMP35D,VAISALA, Finland) |
| Humidity | 9.2, 1.7 m | Capacitive hygrometer (HMP35D, VAISALA, Finland) |
| Soil temperature | 0, 01, 0.1, 0.23 m | Platinum resistance thermometer |
| Soil heat flux | - | |
| Soil water content | - | |
| Wind speed | 9.6, 1.7 m | 3-cups anemometer (AC-750, Makino, Japan; WM-30P, Ikeda, Japan) |
| Wind direction | 12 m | Wind Vane (Makino, Japan) |
| Barometric pressure | 1.2 m | Barometer (PTB-100, VAISALA, Finland) |
| Precipitation | 1.8 m | Tipping bucket raingauge (0.5 mm per tipping) |
| CO2 concentration | - |
Other
| Soil respiration | - |
| Photosynthesis | - |
| Ecological investigation | - |
Other Information
| Weighing cut tree observation during the winter Automatic photograph down looking the tree canopy during the winter |
Observation Period and Data Availability
| Measurement Period | December 1997 to November 1998 |
|---|---|
| Measurement Frequency | Continuous water vapor flux observation |
| Data Availability | N/A |
Contact
[General] Yojiro Matsura (orijoy [at] ffpri.affrc.go.jp ) Department of meteorological Environment,Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan Tel:+81-298-873-3211 Fax:+81-298-874-3720
Infrastructure
Tower, Electrical power (100V AC 50Hz)
Research Fund
Ordinary funds supported by the Hokkaido Research Center of the Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute.
Publication
Ohta, T., Suzuki, K., Kodama, Y., Kubota, J., Kominami, Y. and Nakai, Y. (1999): Characteristics of the Heat Balance above the Canopies of Evergreen and Deciduous Forests during the Snowy Season, Hydrological Processes, 13, 2383-2394.
Nakai Y, Sakamoto T, Terajima T, Kitamura K, Shirai T (1999): Energy Balance Above a Boreal Coniferous Forest: A Difference in Turbulent Fluxes between Snow-covered and Snow-free Canopies, Hydrological Processes, 13, 515-529.
Nakai,Y., Sakamoto, T., Terajima, T., Kitamura, K., and Shirai, T. (1999): An Effect of Canopy Snow on Energy Balance above a Coniferous Forest, Hydrological Processes, 13, 2371-2382.
Suzuki K, Nakai Y, Ohta T, Nakamura T, Ohata T (2003): Effect of snow interception on the energy balance above deciduous and coniferous forests during a snowy winter, IAHS Publication, 280, 309-317.
Kazuyoshi Suzuki, Yuichiro Nakai (2008): Canopy snow influence on water and energy balances in a coniferous forest plantation in northern Japan, Journal of Hydrology, 352, 126-138.
Kazuyoshi Suzuki, Yuji Kodama, Takeshi Yamazaki, Kenji Kosugi, Yuichiro Nakai (2008): snow accumulation on evergreen needle-leaved and deciduous broad-leaved trees, Boreal Environment Research, 13, 403-416.